Mulatto Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mulatto - Essay Example Robert, however, insists on being a white man, especially after school has taught him that he is equal to any other white human being. As a mulatto, Robert experiences the strangeness of nothingness, which leads to his anxiety and harbored hate towards whites and blacks alike, and ultimately, to his tragedy, he eventually stops thinking and acting like a rational human being. A person normally has knowledge of his/her own family, but Robert does not get any acknowledgment from his own father that the former is his own son, and so Robert feels like a worthless illegitimate son. At the age of 7 years old, he calls the Colonel papa in front of his fathers white friends. As a result, Colonel thrashed and hurt him badly. Bert was the "favorite" (Hughes, par. 91) before this incident, but he was not the one anymore. It is possible that notwithstanding the darkness of Colonels heart, he loved Bert because he looked more like him and was very smart too. Colonel Norwood has not actively "blacken" his son by removing any idea of whiteness out of the child just as he does not fully break any residual filial bonds by sending his son to school. Despite these childhood memories, Bert thinks that he is a "real white man" because of his birth right (Hughes, par. 94). Lamb talks about paternal rejection and how mulattoes seek to shun the silence on their paternity by dec laring that they are the sons of white men. This assertion emasculates the white fathers, which Bert also does in the play. Later on, after coming back from school, Bert asserts that he is Norwood and half-white by trying to shake hands with his father, a greeting between equal free men. Unfortunately, his father rejects him, but he still does not hurt him enough to break his son and teach him his right place in society. This play shows that even if a mulatto has a white father, the latter can easily not acknowledge him

Movie response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie response paper - Essay Example It shows how the salient players like the Treasury Secretary, Henry Paulson, Ben Bernanke, the then Chairman of the Federal Reserve, and corporate bigwigs like Dick Fuld, John Thain and Lloyd Blankfein engaged in intense strategic bargaining, planning and machinations to prevent the national financial system from falling down on its knees. The primary premise of the movie is that it was indeed imperative and pragmatic to rescue the ailing banks and financial institutions by making them gel with the healthy ones, and the direct capital bailouts facilitated by the then government through contriving supportive statutory measures were necessary and must. Too Big to Fail does help the audience put the whole economic crisis into context by assigning to it a human face. It to a large extent accurately showcases the chain of events that preceded and followed this debacle and as to how the important state and corporate personalities tried to manage the much feared fall. The movie does manage to weave the basic dynamics underlying the 2008 meltdown with apt clarity and accuracy and does show as to how some of the most important people whom the Americans trusted the national economy with, acted in a selfish, irresponsible and unprofessional manner, which eventually precipitated an economy riding on the illusory real estate boom. However, contrary to the perceptions of many common citizens, Too Big to Fail does not present these people in a negative light, but rather presents them as individuals who merely made some mistakes. In that sense the movie is somewhat soft on the very people who actually created that crisis. For example, even Richard Fuld, the CEO of Lehman, who was a prime player in the speculative financial machinations that added to the overall debacle, is portrayed as a sincere manager working hard to save the organization he worked for. Yet, in a historical context, the movie does try to set aside the emotive content marking the

International Trade Of Samsung Electronics Economics Essay

International Trade Of Samsung Electronics Economics Essay International diversification is very important for an international enterprise, it is a corporate strategy. It is designed by higher sales of new products and new markets, and increase profitability. Diversification can occur at the business unit level and corporate level. In this essay, we will focus on the advantages and disadvantages of international diversification for the company. At present, many companies are international based which developed their business to the different countries and regions, of course, they also facing a lot of risks and opportunities, in the following, I will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of exploring business internationally. This process involves different strategies. For the different sectors of the business, the different countries must be developed and implemented. The management of the high capacity of these strategies must be developed, the huge opportunity to enter new market of business regardless of the implementation of the big c hallenges and difficulties, cross-border diversification to attract the companys long-term growth, and growth in existing business on the market in other countries. Introduction International diversification is a basic and the most important principles in the business world. In the past decade, the impact of the value of corporate diversification has become the focus of attention of the research significantly. The vast majority of this article has focused the industry on this issue. Diversification is a strategy to increase profits for selling the new products in new markets of a corporate. In fact, all strategy has its advantages and disadvantages, one of the companys management staff will be used to achieve different purposes of these advantages and disadvantages. Diversifying internationally is a concept to enhance the value of the corporation, which is a source of foreign direct investment (FDI). Enterprises to invest overseas, the use of company assets transferred abroad, reached the economies of scale and the economies of scope. Through the operational flexibility associated with a multinational corporate system, value creation from international opera tions can also be created. Now a day, international environment is really uncertain, an internationally diversified network can gives the opportunity to the firm to exploit market conditions. Diversified corporate marketing, it can be used in a developed market, the establishment of new enterprises, so as to increase the profits of the company. Also, it can be used to diversify the investment of the companys assets, in order to prevent the downturn in the market of their country. There are two type of diversify, the first one is the internal development, through the internal expansion and diversification of production, creation of different products and brands. It can be achieve the perfect internal development. On the other hand is the external development, external expansion through acquisitions or strategic alliances to enhance the visibility of the enterprise in the global market, to expansion of profits and achieve the international standards. In the following, consumer electro nics giant Samsung Electronics is taken an example to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of international diversification. Case study Samsung Electronics Consumer electronics giant Samsung Electronics is an international corporate, It is the flagship subsidiary of the Samsung Group. Samsung Electronics the largest electronics industry in South Korea, engaged in LCD, semiconductor, mobile phones, digital media business, it is the biggest sales of the electronics industry manufacturers in the worth. Inspire the World, Create the Future. is the vision of Samsung Electronics. In the mobile phone market, Samsung Electronics is the number one of the market share in the world, successfully beat a traditional mobile phone manufacturers such as: Nokia, Motorola, Sony. Sights on future market trends to the touch smartphone, Samsung also compete to launch the products corresponded to the competitors, such as Galaxy S2, to compare with the biggest competitor Apples Iphone. 3.1 International trade of Samsung Electronics International trade across borders the transactions of goods and services, general import and export trade, therefore, it also call import and export trade. International trade directly affect the gross domestic product (GDP), it is very important for many countries; it can adjust the economic structure of the country and increase the fiscal revenue. In order to reduce the production cost, Samsung Electronics using global procurement, they looking for the potential suppliers, is committed to enhance product development, corporate culture, and contributions to the global society. Samsung Electronics and Suppliers as well as the manufacturers can cooperate to make the best product. Global procurement not only can reduce the production cost, it also can enhance the productivity. Samsung Electronics has an absolute advantage  over another in producing a good in Korea and the other country. It can produce that good using fewer resources than another country. Samsung Electronics can enjoy the absolute advantage when they conduct the international trade. In additional, Samsung Electronics conducted international trade, which also produced of foreign direct investment (FDI), FDI is direct investment into production in a country by a company in another country, Samsung Electronics investment in China or the other country, the both count ries have brought some Advantages. Now, we can talk about what is the advantages and disadvantages of Samsung Electronics when the corporation diversifying internationally. Advantages of a corporation diversifying internationally Economic of scale Economic of scale is the expansion of production scale and increase the economic benefits. It is to reflect the relationship between the concentration factors of production and the economic benefits. Economies of scale help producers to lower their cost by producing large amount of output at lower costs. Samsung Electronics has realized economies of scale in semiconductor production. Semiconductor devices can perform a variety of control functions in electronic equipment, such as Samsung touch smartphone. Through the continuous improvement, Samsungs semiconductor production successfully extended the R D centers and production lines to China and other countries, and the products can sell around the world, via mass production to reduce the costs. This is the cost advantage The advantage of the economies of scale of Samsung: Can be achieve the harmonization and standardization of the products high quantity of raw materials, reduce the purchase cost Easily to control the quantity and quality of products Conducive to management and technician specialization and professionalization It can has strong competitiveness in the national market Economic of scope This is also a cost advantage to make the cost lower to produce a range of related products than to produce only one of the individual products on one company. A company can expand its range of products to take full advantage of the value of its existing capacity. Samsung produces various electronic products, such as LCD TV, LCD panel, semiconductor (DRAM, NAND Flash), mobile phones, digital cameras, LCD monitors, printers and other related electronic business, production of these products can use the same or similar of raw materials, for example ,produce the TV and the computer can use the same type of LCD screen, it can also be carried out in the same factory, and the workers all have same knowledge, produce different products to reach international diversification, fully to take the advantage of economies of scope. Spread the risk Diversifying internationally through acquisition or alliances can increase the market power of a corporation, to strengthen the competitiveness in the international market. At the same time, it can spread the risk of investment by avoid having all eggs in one basket. Enough reserve to respond to market decline. Samsung Electronics has acquired the related business companies, such as British semiconductor designer Cambridge Silicon Radio Ltd, merger with Seagate Technology (USA), its market forces continue to expand and greatly enhance the visibility and competitiveness. In addition, in order to diversify their investment and risk. Samsung Electronics set up their headquarters and plants all around the world. Learn from advanced technology If a corporate diversifying internationally, for example, which part of the products to their alliances company responsible for, it can learn the expertise and technology from the alliance. Samsung Electronics maintains good relationship with their partners, to learn advanced and unique technology in all of the production process, also, they hardly to study all of the knowledge and skills from the other country, such as the electronic technology from Taiwan and the scientific knowledge from USA. Learning knowledge from difference country can enhance the quality of staff, greatly to help the long-term development of the company. In addition, it also can enhance the core competitiveness of the corporation in the world. Experts of expertise When access a new market in other country, except to learn from advanced technology, Samsung Electronics also gain the experts of expertise, combine different professionals through merger and acquisition. For example, Samsung Electronics access to the advanced country, such as USA or UK, it can gain the experts in the locality, to understand their professional science and technology. In addition, Chinas population is more than 1.3 billion, it boasts to have larger human resources than other countries. As the increasing of population, China will have the greatest number of professionals. Low labors and resources cost Samsung Electronics can enjoy the cheap labors from their country and all developing country, for example, China has 1.3 billion people and widely of the labor force, compared with the pay of workers in other countries will be lower, so, to set up factories in China or merge with Chinese companies, it can enjoy the low-cost labors and production as well as the resources and the raw materials are also relatively cheap. In addition, the lands and rent are the most put in of the funds, China has well Infrastructure, now, it investing in the outsourcing industry. Like the city Chengdu are already planning to have a high-tech zone in areas that are spanning upwards of 1 million square meters. China has the cheaper lands and low rent for build up the factories, so Samsung Electronics can save more money on this part. Enhance competitive power Foreign competition can be encouraged to enhance the companys productivity. Doing business in the international market, the companies will continue to improve the quality of their products, in order to gain a market competitive advantage. The face of powerful competitor: Apple Store, Samsung Electronics continuous innovation and reform the products, for example, Samsung Electronics produce the smartphone , such as Galaxy S2, S3, Notes, to compare with the biggest competitor Iphone from Apple Store, in order to occupy a strong position and strengthen competitiveness in the world market. 3.3 Disadvantages of a corporation diversifying internationally Increased management costs and complexity Samsung Electronics realized International diversify may add complexity of the enterprise. Merger or alliances will make management costs rise, thereby increasing the cost of production abroad. To entry into the new market, the biggest barrier is the huge capital requirement, for the established of headquarters and factories, recruitment, procurement, management etc. In addition, it have more management challenges related to structural complexity with the new administrative structures, it may increase the information processing when access the new market in the global. Language problem Actually, the language barrier is a serious problem, the coordination, communications and motivation issues are very important when access to a new market. Samsung Electronics is an oversea company, when they wants to set up factories or headquarters in China or the other country, foreigners do not understand Korean, miscommunication may occur, affecting the companys operations. They need to recruit some language expert to solve the problem, also, they can recruit the translators or local agents to manage, but it will increase the management cost. Quality problem Globalization made enterprises want to be entry in the major countries globally. To response the growing need of competitiveness in the world, many enterprise want to outsourced some of the productions in China, in order to enjoy relatively cheap production cost, Samsung Electronics outsourced parts of its production to China like the battery and the case of Samsung smartphone, actually, China is still at its early stage of being in the outsourcing industry. the quality may not be guaranteed, especially in China, although China has labor resources stronger than the other country, but the low academic qualifications and lack of skills of the workers may be affected the quality of the product. However, it can be improved by training and the technology. Economic risk Economic risks, such as exchange rates, government regulation, decline in per capita gross domestic product (GDP), inflation and capital flight. In recent years, inflation in China is very serious, inflation reflects Samsung facing the business crisis, and company may need to save the manpower and raw materials, affecting the yield and quality of its products. In the current financial risk, Samsung Electronics encountered a serious impact on the global business, it has a lot of economic problems, such as inflation, rising unemployment, these factors will directly affect the business of Samsung Electronics. Cultural risk This is a risk, because you will not know whether there will be changes, before entering each country, Samsung Electronics must understand the culture of the country, such as peoples preferences, habits and the consumer behavior, it all arising from cultural differences. Western companies are lack of understanding of Chinese culture. There is also a perception of corruption and bureaucracy in China. Samsung Electronics is located in Korea, far away from China, geography and time differences may require staff to adapt their business practices. Political risk In fact, a lot of investors, businesses entering a new market are facing the risk of political risk. Political risks including systemic risk, procedural risk, distributive risk and catastrophic risk. Such as fiscal, monetary, trade, investment etc. Rather than the risk of market factors including industrial, income, labor and development, or related to political instability, such as terrorism, coups, civil war, riots, rebellion event. Samsung Electronics is also facing of these problems, China has just started with implementing rules on security and intellectual property rights, they are still considered to have poor protection. This becomes a problem especially when manufacturing of products are outsourced to their country. Political uncertainty may also bring unexpected costs, which can be substantial. In addition, in their own country, South Korea and North Korea is still having a problem, in a tense confrontation, it may conflict at any time, affecting the operation of the enterp rise. Exchange risk International trade may cause delays in payments, for example, Samsung Electronics sell the products to other country, it may delays in payments when the goods trade between the trading companies, also It has the foreign currency problem, such as RMB and HKD, the rate is difference from Korean, affecting the cash flow of the corporation. In addition, the exchange rate of foreign currency may not stable, exchange rate fluctuations and the inflation also are the existence risk. However, in recent years, RMB rising also is the significant risks faced by Samsung, deterred many of the intended development of foreign-funded enterprises in China. RMB appreciation, rising costs of labors, raw materials and lands, all is the currency and exchange risk factors. Market risk In different countries have different regulations and standards, the corporation need to comply with the new standard when access a new market. It may have some factors to change, in order to facilitate restructure of the company, it is necessary to training or retraining of the management, for example, in the production process, the input and packing, thereby generating additional costs. In order to access to USA market, Samsung Electronics are facing the big problem which is intellectual property of the biggest competitor Apple Store. Earlier, Apple sued Samsung and its Galaxy series smartphone copied the design of the iPhone smartphone, Samsung has the hefty fines to Apple Store, thereafter, Samsung sued again to U.S. International Trade Commission and complaint the Apple Store, referring to Apple guilty of Samsung patent such as 3G, wireless technology, prohibit Apple iPhone, iPad and iPod devices sold in the United States. Plagiarism and infringement of the war, Samsung and Appl e compete with each other; there is a certain degree of difficulty in entering the U.S. market. This is the risk of Samsung Electronics. Recommendations Samsung Electronics is a leading consumer electronics brand in the world, is committed to satisfy consumers need and reach the international standard, Samsung Electronics realized international diversification, Samsung Electronics only has the Authorized Partner shop in Hong Kong. To further enhance the customer services and the quality of products, it is recommend to build up the flagship store and more retail trader all around the world, it can be expansion the sales network and strengthen the market power. In addition, in order to prove the quality of products, it is recommend Samsung Electronics to make the adjustment of the warranty period of products. In addition, in order to solve inflation and the potential risk of China, it is recommended that the plant can move to the other place, such as Vietnam, this is a developing country, the price of raw materials and the cost of labors and lands are also cheaper than China. Conclusion Undeniable, international diversification is accurate flexible and efficient for Samsung Electronics. International diversification both have advantages and disadvantages, but relatively, the advantages outweighs the disadvantages, Samsung reached in economies of scale and economies of scope, due to their constant improvement and innovation, successful in the international electronics market accounted for an important position. However, Samsung Electronics are facing a lot of risks, such market risk and the exchange risk; many of the unknown factors exist. In the long run, Samsung must have a comprehensive plan to deal with these problems. Appendix http://wpcontent.answcdn.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Economies_of_scale.PNG/330px-Economies_of_scale.PNG (Figure 1) Economic of scale http://www.samsungmobileb2b.com/images/en/main/v2/featured_GalaxyS3.jpg (Figure 2) Samsung Galaxy S3 Its our business to make yours more productive. (Figure 3) Samsung products and slogan Samsung Flagship Store (Figure 4) Samsung flagship store in Singapore

America! - Home of Millionaires and Homeless :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

America! - Home of Millionaires and Homeless If you've been to San Francisco lately, then you know homelessness is a big problem. It's impossible to go anywhere in the city without being confronted by panhandlers and other people living in exile. More and more common is the frowzy vagabond with the sign "Homeless. Will work for food. God Bless." Even outside urban communities, this has become a common sight at busy intersections and freeway off-ramps. I'm not trying to say homelessness is a newly emerging problem in our society. I'm sure homeless people have been around since the Pilgrims left Europe in search of religious freedom. However, the situation has escalated to such a degree in the last ten years that it's obviously now a chronic problem that our government is trying to write off. Ironically, as the number of homeless families increase across our beloved country, so do corporate profits. Driving right past the beggar on the street corner are sixty thousand dollar automobiles with passengers too busy to stop and throw out a dollar to help feed a hungry American with no place to live. Something is very wrong with that picture. I once had the misfortune of being stranded in San Francisco in the middle of the night. My car was stolen, I had no money and no one to call. I went to an all-night restaurant to escape the cold and sat on a couch in the lobby to think about what I was going to do. After about thirty minutes, I was approached by a squalid gentleman who asked if I needed a place to stay. A little hesitant, I shrugged my shoulders and nodded. We walked a couple blocks to a shelter for homeless people. My guide said his name was Evan, and the place we were going wasn't exactly the Hilton, but it was safe. It was an empty government building in the Civic Center area. The smell was horrendous; a mixture of BO, bad breath and urine. The sleeping area was a bare room, no furniture, with literally hundreds of people sleeping on the floor. I didn't think I was going to be able to stay because of the loud snoring and bad smell of the other occupants. Evan sensed my discomfort and began to tell me a story abou t how he came to be homeless. He had worked as a long distance operator at AT&T for several years.

Past, Present, and Future

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on my personal and professional growth during my Criminal Justice program of study at the University of Phoenix. The paper will reflect upon where I was before I began college at the University of Phoenix. Then I will evaluate the growth I experienced during my University of Phoenix program of study. To conclude, the paper will analyze the impact of completing the University of Phoenix bachelor's program on my current and future professional goals.I went to college for the first time right after high school and learned very quickly that I did not know why I was there. I attained a job, thinking I would return when I decided what I wanted to be. The second time I went to college, I was in my early thirties, and because of the daycare I had been providing in my home, decided I should pursue a degree in early education. By the time I finished my general education courses, I changed my mind. I no longer wanted a degree in early education, and did n ot know what degree I wanted.Once again I quit college with a decision to return, once I knew what I wanted to be when I grew up. Many years went by and during those years I worked different low-level low-pay jobs. I began working for State Farm in the call center of the claims department in 2003. Although this position was also a low-level, low-paying job, I was enjoying learning the process of insurance claims and wanted to pursue a different position within the claims department. My supervisor encouraged me to go back to college because a degree would make me more competitive for higher positions within the company.In the next couple years, I managed to receive a position in a different department, but still low level. I continued in this position for three years and during this time, I had interviewed for three positions that I did not receive because I lacked a degree. My supervisor again encouraged me to go back to college to acquire the problem-solving, written and oral commu nication skills I needed to advance within the company. My desire was to return to college but did not believe I could work full-time while going to college.I shared this reasoning with my coworker who told me about the University of Phoenix, so I contacted the school and made an appointment. University of Phoenix’s accelerated program was the answer I needed. Each course was five weeks and I would take one course at a time. A program of study was my next dilemma as I never decided on this in the past. I did have a desire to work in the Special Investigative Unit in the claims department, so I spoke with a claim representative within that department who had a degree in Criminal Justice, and my choice was made.The first class I took was GEN/300 Skills for Professional Development that helped me to understand a new way of learning. I was used to a traditional curriculum; study a textbook, then take a test. GEN/300 taught me the computer skills and the tools needed for this new way of learning. Instead of tests, I learned to write academic papers that illustrated that I understood the course information. My research skills were enhanced as I learned to go beyond the textbook and use the Internet to retrieve information needed for my assignments. I was also introduced to a learning team environment.The learning team taught me how to work with different personalities to accomplish the same goal (University of Phoenix, 2008). In SCI/362 Environmental Issues and Ethics, the learning team assignment was a case study. Each week the learning team worked on a specific part of the case study that would build up to the final presentation for week five. This style of learning enhanced my written and oral communication skills as I worked with the team. The learning team learned to use each other’s strengths to put the presentation together (University of Phoenix, 2008).The two core courses during my program of study that had the greatest effect on my potential employment are CJA/413 Ethics in Criminal Justice and CJA 423 Cultural Diversity in Criminal Justice. These two courses revealed to me that everyone does not perceive the world the same as I do. People who are from a different culture may have different ethics than I. This concept opened my understanding that I need to consider people’s cultures and ethics to communicate more successfully in professional settings.This is an essential tool that everyone needs to be successful in the business world (University of Phoenix, 2009). My college experience with the University of Phoenix has been challenging at times but rewarding. The most challenging was the learning teams. Each team I was on seemed to face the same problem, which was to meet outside the classroom. Team member’s schedules conflicted, which made it difficult to meet to work on the team assignment. I believe the classroom setting should include mandatory learning team meetings. The meetings should be at the beg inning or middle of the classroom time.When time is given for learning team meetings during class, my experience has been that the professor gives the time at the end of class, and this has not been productive. Most of the class members have worked all day, and they are tired, so either they leave class early or they are not productive in the meetings. Online courses at University of Phoenix should be more affordable to students. This would help during times in a student’s life when he or she cannot make it to class. For example, a mother may have a sick child and whereas a mom cannot attend a class, a mom with a sick child could still attend class if the class is online.Mom with a sick child is just one example of the many situations that come up in life that an online course would better serve the student than the classroom setting. As I discussed earlier in this paper, I work for State Farm in the Auto Claims Department and with my Bachelor’s degree in Criminal Just ice my goal is to attain a position within the Special Investigative Unit. This unit works claims that may be fraudulent. I am taking online claim courses that my company provides for employees seeking a position in the SIU department, and I will continue to take courses on diversity and ethics.Also I will seek a mentor within the department who can show me the correct steps I need to take as I move forward toward this goal. I am considering continuing my education to receive a Master’s degree in Criminal Justice. My goal with this degree is maybe later in life to be a college professor. I believe the future college will be primarily online, which will open many opportunities for professors to teach from anywhere at anytime. This paper reflected on my personal and professional growth during my Criminal Justice program of study at the University of Phoenix.I discussed where I was before I began college at the University of Phoenix and evaluated the growth I experienced during my University of Phoenix program of study. In conclusion, I analyzed the impact of completing the University of Phoenix bachelor's program on my current and future professional goals.Reference University of Phoenix (2008). Program credits. Retrieved from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/Program/Credits/Program University of Phoenix (2009). Program credits. Retrieved from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/Program/Credits/Program

Teacher locus of control

Environmental, social, political, and many other learner-external factors Interact in complex ways to determine learning outcomes. Moreover, the way learners observe the world has a great Influence over their educational achievements. Studies have shown that their sense of personal control over the educational process Is one of the most significant factors in arousing and maintaining individuals' interest and involvement in learning activities.This sense of personal control is known as Locus of control (LOC). Anhydrous, 2012, p. 123) LoC indicates how a person believes about control over life events; LoC refers to whether individuals relate their success or failure to their own behavior. Rooter proposed a continuum for LoC with Externalities and internalizes at the two opposing extremes. ‘Internalizes' feel personally responsible for everything that happens to them In their lives whereas ‘Externalities' believe that factors beyond their control determine what would happen In their lives. Anhydrous, 2012, p. 124) Rooter's (1966) social learning theory locus of control construct suggested that enrolling laws of learning as illustrated above Is a problematic procedure because the effect of rewards depends on how the person perceives a causal relationship between his or her behavior and the reward. If the person perceives a reward as contingent upon his or her own effort or ability (biz. , internal locus of control),then the occurrence of a reward will strengthen the likelihood of that behavior recurring.If he or she sees a reward as not contingent upon ability or effort, that is, as a result of luck, chance, fate, or powers beyond personal control (biz. , external locus of control), hen the preceding behavior is less likely to be strengthened by the presence of a reward (Rooter, 1966). In general, Rooter suggested that Individuals with an Internal locus of control would place greater value on contingent achievement-related rewards. Www, 2008,) Trusty a nd McCann (1995) suggested that under contingent reward conditions, subjects with an internal locus of control (I. E. , internals) desired more control over the procedures and types of tasks and performed better than did subjects with an external locus of control (I. E. , externals), whereas subjects with an external locus of intro desired more control over the types of tasks and performed better than did those with internal locus of control under incontinent reward conditions.Teachers have been seen as critical to the reform of the education sector and teacher development has been given high priority in the asses (Miller, 1999). Many teachers, administrators and policy-makers have been guided by the results of research and evaluation studies that suggested, according to Miller (1999, p. 63), that â€Å"teachers' abilities, teachers' knowledge of subject matter and teaching methods and teaching experience, along with small class sizes and the positive Influences of small schools, a re critical elements in successful student learning†. Ferguson, 1991: Ferguson & underway, Jamaica and other Caribbean countries had to deal with the growing problems associated with teachers' career decision-making of which the protracted problem of teacher attrition is an outcome; their teaching plans are of enormous interest in this complex process. Within the context of teaching, for example, an outcome expectation is illustrated by the teacher who believes that skillful instruction can offset the effects of an impoverished home environment.Here, efficacy is expressed not for oneself but, rather, for an abstract collective of teachers–the â€Å"normative teacher,† using the language of Dunham and Michael (1981, p. 41). An efficacy expectation, in contrast, would be reflected by the teacher's confidence that he or she personally is capable of such instruction, that the individual possesses personal agency with respect to the task of pedagogy. Smile (1988), on the basis of a path analysis, reported that the proportion of low-achieving students in a teacher's classroom had a negative direct effect on personal efficacy.Smile also found that interactions with one's colleagues about instructional matters carried a positive indirect effect on personal efficacy through the intervening variable certainty of practice. And in their study of teacher efficacy and school climate, How and Wolff (Bibb) found that school-level measures of academic emphasis, institutional integrity, and principals influence each correlated with either personal or general efficacy. Among special education resource-room teachers, personal efficacy was sass coated with the perceived utility of instructional supervision (Colloidal & Bred ton, 1991).Teachers' locus of control has influenced teachers' plans to teach or leave the profession (Ferrier, 1987; Rose & Midway, 1981). Ferrier (1987) also indicated that â€Å"motivation is as important as professional skills† Te achers' self-efficacy has been defined as the belief of an individual's ability to teach and motivate students (Gaston & Webb, 1986; Bandeau, 1991, 1997). Research studies show a strong a relationship between a teacher's sense of efficacy and student achievement as well as teacher retention (Bray-Clark & Bates, 2003; Hillman, 1986; Floors, Desman-Operetta, & Statement, 2004; Attachments-Moran, How & How, 1998).If teachers feel that students will follow their instructions or if they develop good rapport with their students, they may be encouraged to pursue teaching as a career. However, teachers may not be so enthusiastic about the profession if they feel frustrated in having to monitor pupil behavior, to deal with a great deal of discipline problems in the classroom, or to teach students who are poorly motivated. Research show that internal locus of controlled individuals, compared to external locus of controlled ones, spend rather more time on intellectual and academic activities a nd their success at school is higher.Internal locus of controlled individuals represent individuals that resist negative off sects on a larger scale, that reacts strongly when their personal freedom is limited, that have an independent personality, and that are impulsive and entrepreneurial (Ye$library, 2004; Ye$library, 1990). Statement of the problem This study is designed to check the control of teachers' on students in public and private schools. Objectives of the study The objectives of the study are to: difference between male and female teaching on students' achievements. Check the effect of rural and urban teachers' on students' success and failure.Research questions What is teacher's locus of control? How teaching methodologies effect on students' performance? How teachers' can control their class regarding curricular and co-curricular activities? Significance of the study This study will be helpful to check the teachers' control over their class. Operational definition of the study The operational definition of the study is to check the teacher's external and internal perception about their students' success and failure regarding teaching methodologies, classroom environment and students' achievements inside the class.Delimitation's of the study The study comprised of public and private schools of Punjab. Ethical consideration The researcher takes the permission letter from the institute for data collection and make sure that no respondent has problem with the data or Data collection process. All data in the study will anonymous, participation will voluntary and no separate data will collect on individuals. Participants will informed that confidentiality will assured and that they have the right to withdraw from the study at any point.Chapter # 3 Methodology Nature of the study The study was quantitative in nature. Population of the study The population of the study was the male and female teachers of public and private schools of Punjab. Data collec tion The researcher collected data through questionnaires from teachers of public and private schools of Punjab personally. Participants The researcher used the convenient sampling technique to collect data from the public and private schools of Punjab. The study was conducted through a survey.The private and public in service teachers were selected in this study. Approximately 167 questionnaires were collected from in service teachers. There were total 167 searchers, 67 male and 100 female most of the teachers were from arts group which were 116 and science teachers were 51 in numbers. The majority of the in service teachers were having the age group of 20 to 30 years old, 40 to 50 years of age group were at the second number while the remaining two groups were at the least level.The number of public schools was 95 and private schools were 72. The urban number of teachers 144 and rural 23 teachers. Measures control of teachers' on students in public and private schools. The close e nded questionnaires were used to explore the teachers' control over their class regarding dents' success and failure. Close Ended Questionnaire The close-ended responses were collected on a 5-point Liker scale and converted into a numerical scale (Strongly agree?I , Agree=2, Neutral=3, Disagree=4, strongly disagree=5).

Evas Man theme essays

Evas Man theme essays While reading the novel Evas Man, written by Gayle Jones, an evident theme is established. This is a twisted story of love and betrayal in the engrossing psychological portrait of Eva Medina Canada. The author intertwines recollection of actual events and imaginativeness to expose an existence plagued by sexual and emotional revilement. It is a narrative which will definitely remain in ones mind, long after the cover of the book has been closed. The apparent theme in Evas Man appears to be a deepened exploration of the womans inner life: of the pressures, the cruelties, and the imposed expectations(bn.com 1). In this book, Eva has more sexual knowledge then most girls her age. She grows up in an environment where she is sexually harassed by people whom she respects and is supposed to look up to. Eva turns out to be a very confused soul in her later years. The novel jumps from one story to another. It seems apparent that she is telling the story, because some of her statements are facts and others are events she fantasized. In the present sense of the narrative, Eva is imprisoned for the peculiar murder of her lover, Davis, and recalling the events that lead up to his murder..though in no particular order. Though the story may seem bizarre, Eva actually falls into the cliche of the minds of women incarcerated for murder. For example, women offenders are more likely to kill a lover than other victim categories(DOCS 1). Davis was Evas lover; a freaky one at that. Another common characteristic of women murderers is a history of abuse. It is estimated that from 40 to 78 percent of women who killed their husbands or boyfriends were abused(DOCS 1). Davis was a very controlling man. He always denied Evas wishes and kept her in a locked up room like she was a dog. Furthermore, the age group to which Eva fall ...